If you have been injured by negligence you have a personal injury claim. Depending on how the claim happened you may also have a property damage claim, such as damage to your car. If you want to pursue a claim for damages you should consult with an attorney experienced in personal injury law. Many claims can be handled without hiring a lawyer but you should always consult with a lawyer first because the law is complex and in your particular situation there may be reasons that an untrained person should not handle their own claim. For example, all personal injury claims are subject to statutes of limitations, which require that you bring your claim within the time period specified or your claim is forever barred. The general statute of limitation for personal injury in Missouri is five years, but that does not mean that is the time limit that applies to your case. Time limits can be drastically shorter depending on a variety of factors that a non-lawyer would not know. So step one is see a lawyer. Step two is asking your lawyer if this is something that they need to handle or if you could do it on your own. You may have claims or rights you don't know about so if you proceed without speaking to a lawyer you are taking a big risk.
Step three; if you proceed on your own collect all the information about how the injury happened such as accident reports, photos, witness names, addresses, and phone numbers. Get written or recorded witness statements and ask the witnesses to state what they saw, what they heard, and what they did. Finding all the witnesses may take some legwork because it's rare that all the witnesses are listed on accident or incident reports. Gather documentation to support your damages including, medical bills, and pharmacy records, lost wages, loss profits, expenses and property damage.
Once you have gathered all these documents make a demand upon the insurance company for the responsible person(s) that sets out how the incident happened, and your damages. A demand is simply a letter sent to the insurance company setting out the facts of your case and asking for an amount of money to settle your case. The letter should have the supporting information attached.
The total of all the bills, losses and expenses are called special damages. In addition to special damages you are entitled to compensation for pain and suffering. Pain and suffering is difficult to place a value on, but it is easier to get money for if you have evidence that supports the claim. Evidence includes pictures of injuries, medical records documenting pain, pain medication prescriptions, and witness testimony. Including this information in your demand will help you get the true value of your claim. If you can get a letter from your doctor setting out the injuries that you suffered as a result of the incident you should do so. If you have medical issues that pre-existed the injuries you claim from your accident then this is particularly important. Insurance companies often refuse to settle or make low offers when they believe there is evidence that you already had the injury before the accident. Any evidence you can use to support that the injury is new, different, or an aggravation is helpful.
Once you make your demand you then need to stay on top of your claim and make sure the insurance company makes a response. You also need to be responsive to the company's reasonable request for additional information. You should make your demand high enough so that you have room to negotiate down. There is no hard and fast rule for how much to demand, although insurance professionals often say 3 to 5 times special damages is typical for an opening demand. If the company makes an offer that is unacceptable you should negotiate to get to their best offer. If you can't get them to a reasonable sum, then you may wish to speak to a lawyer again. If you settle, make sure you carefully read and understand the release before you sign. Depending on your personal situation you may also have to satisfy liens of medical providers, health insurers, Medicare, Medicaid or others. You should also make proper claims under your insurance policies. If you were injured on the job or receiving social security disability you should consult with an attorney.
This article is an overview and provides tips on handling your own personal injury claim. It does not cover all the legal issues that may be presented in your particular case. This article is not legal advice and you should consult with a lawyer before proceeding on your own.